Below is a compilation of case reports and scientific studies published on plasmalogens. Many of these papers were originally published in Japan, China, and Russia and are not widely known. For this reason, we decided to compile them into this list to facilitate access. You will also find a summary of the Russian research here.
Ascidian plasmalogens
Marine Plasmalogens: A Gift from the Sea with Benefits for Age-Associated Diseases (2023) (link here)
Antidiabetic activity and metabolite profiles of ascidian Halocynthia roretzi (2022) (link here).
The Impact of Ascidian (Halocynthia roretzi)-derived Plasmalogen on Cognitive Function in Healthy Humans: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial (2020) (link here).
Halorotetin A: A Novel Terpenoid Compound Isolated from Ascidian Halocynthia rotetzi Exhibits the Inhibition Activity on Tumor Cell Proliferation (2023) (link here).
Ethanolamine Plasmalogen Suppresses Apoptosis in Human Intestinal Tract Cells in Vitro by Attenuating Induced Inflammatory Stress (2021) (link here).
Plasmalogens Eliminate Aging-Associated Synaptic Defects and Microglia-Mediated Neuroinflammation in Mice (2022) (link here).
Simultaneous Intake of Chlorella and Ascidian Ethanolamine Plasmalogen Accelerates Activation of BDNF–TrkB–CREB Signaling in Rats (2024) (link here).
Effects of sea squirt (Halocynthia roretzi) lipids on white adipose tissue weight and blood glucose in diabetic/obese KK-Ay mice (2010) (link here).
Antioxidative and neuroprotective effects of ascidiacea-derived plasmalogen in a mouse stroke model (2022) (link here).
Dietary PlsEtn Ameliorates Colon Mucosa Inflammatory Stress and ACF in DMH-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis Mice: Protective Role of Vinyl Ether Linkage (2021) (link here).
Oral Administration of Ethanolamine Glycerophospholipid Containing a High Level of Plasmalogen Improves Memory Impairment in Amyloid β-Infused Rats (2017) (link here).
Plasmalogens in cell membranes, physiology and microbiota-gut-brain axis
Editorial: Solving the plasmalogen puzzle—From basic science to clinical application (2023) (link here).
Plasmalogen Replacement Therapy (2021) (link here).
Dietary plasmalogen increases erythrocyte membrane plasmalogen in rats (2012) (link here).
Plasmalogens – bioactive lipids : properties, production (2016) (link here).
Plasmalogens in the pathophysiology and therapy of age-specific diseases (2019) (link here).
Prospects for the diagnosis and treatment of plasmalogen deficiency (2021) (link here).
Assessment of the state of intestinal microbiocenosis based on bacterial endotoxin and plasmalogen in elderly persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus pathology (2021) (link here).
Biochemical and signaling functions of plasmalogens in the norm and in various diseases (2023) (link here).
Isolation of plasmalogens for preclinical and clinical studies (2015) (link here).
Potential Role of Plasmalogens in the Modulation of Biomembrane Morphology (2021) (link here).
Plasmalogens and obesity
Plasmalogen Inhibits Body Weight Gain by Activating Brown Adipose Tissue and Improving White Adipose Tissue Metabolism (2022) (link here).
Plasmalogens and inflammation
Plasmalogens and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases (2021) (link here).
Plasmalogen inhibits MMP-1 production by TNFα in human gingival fibroblasts (2023) (link here).
Plasmalogens and the brain, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Parkinson’s Disease
Plasmalogen in the brain: Effects on cognitive functions and behaviors attributable to its properties (2022) (link here).
A Comparative Study About the Neuroprotective Effects of EPA-Enriched Phosphoethanolamine Plasmalogen and Phosphatidylethanolamine Against Oxidative Damage in Primary Hippocampal Neurons (2021) (link here).
Promising Strategies to Reduce the SARS-CoV-2 Amyloid Deposition in the Brain and Prevent COVID-19-Exacerbated Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease (2024) (link here).
Experimental study on the effect of plasmalogen phosphatidylethanolamine on brain mitochondrial damage caused by hydroxyl free radicals (2009) (link here).
Plasmalogens inhibit neuroinflammation and promote cognitive function (2022) (link here).
Therapeutic Efficacy of Plasmalogens for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Parkinson’s Disease in Conjunction with a New Hypothesis for the Etiology of Alzheimer’s Disease (2020) (link here).
Improvement of Blood Plasmalogens and Clinical Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease by Oral Administration of Ether Phospholipids: A Preliminary Report (2020) (link here).
Efficacy and Blood Plasmalogen Changes by Oral Administration of Plasmalogen in Patients with Mild Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial (2017) (link here).
Decreases of ethanolamine plasmalogen and phosphatidylcholine in erythrocyte are a common phenomenon in Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and coronary artery diseases (2022) (link here).
Plasmalogens and cardiovascular disease
Plasmalogens in myocardial hypoxia and experimental hypoxia (2015) (link here).
Plasmalogens and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Chronic inflammation, neuroglial dysfunction, and plasmalogen deficiency as a new pathobiological hypothesis addressing the overlap between post-COVID-19 symptoms and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (2023) (link here).
Plasmalogens and respiratory diseases
Prospects for the use of natural alkyl-glycerols in targeted therapy of bronchial asthma associated with obesity (Review) (link here).
Analysis of the total content of ethanolamine-containing plasmalogens in the blood of patients with bronchial asthma (2022) (link here).
1- O-alkyl-glycerols from Squid Berryteuthis magister Reduce Inflammation and Modify Fatty Acid and Plasmalogen Metabolism in Asthma Associated with Obesity (2023) (link here).
Plasmalogens and viruses
Coronavirus-Induced Host Cubic Membranes and Lipid-Related Antiviral Therapies: A Focus on Bioactive Plasmalogens (2021) (link here).
Plasmalogen Loss in Sepsis and SARS-CoV-2 Infection (2022) (link here).